
| Phone: | +61 8 82751628 |
| Email: | michael.ahern@flinders.edu.au |
| Location: | Repatriation General Hospital (-) |
| Postal address: | GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, South Australia |
Hissaria, P., Lester, S., Hakendorf, P.H., Woodman, R.J., Patterson, K., Hill, C., Ahern, M.J., Smith, M.D., Walker, J.G., & Roberts-Thomson, P., 2011. Survival in scleroderma: results from the population based South Australian register. Internal Medicine Journal, 41(5), 381-390.
Shanahan, E.M., Lindemann, I.C., & Ahern, M.J., 2010. Engaging medical students in occupational and environmental medicine-a new approach. Occupational Medicine-Oxford, 60(7), 566-568.
Smith, M.D., Weedon, H.M., Papangelis, V., Walker, J.G., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., & Ahern, M.J., 2010. Apoptosis in the rheumatoid arthritis synovial membrane: modulation by disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug treatment. Rheumatology, 49(5), 862-875.
Yaxley, A., Miller, M.D., Masters, S.C., Ahern, M.J., & Crotty, M., 2010. Body composition in older orthopaedic rehabilitation inpatients: Are field methods valid?. Nutrition and Dietetics, 67(3), 160-165.
Shulten, P.J., Thomas, J.M., Miller, M.D., Smith, M.D., & Ahern, M.J., 2009. The role of diet in the management of gout: a comparison of knowledge and attitudes to current evidence. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 22(1), 3-11.
Ahern, M.J., Campbell, D.G., Weedon, H.M., Papangelis, V., & Smith, M.D., 2008. Effect of intra-articular infliximab on synovial membrane pathology in a patient with a seronegative spondyloarthropathy. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 67(9), 1339-1342.
Haynes, D., Crotti, T.N., Weedon, H.M., Slavotinek, J.P., Au, V., Coleman, M., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Ahern, M.J., & Smith, M.D., 2008. Modulation of RANKL and osteoprotegerin expression in synovial tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis in response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drug treatment and correlation with radiologic putcome. Arthritis and Rheumatism-Arthritis Care and Research, 59(7), 911-920.
Hissaria, P., Cai, F.Z., Ahern, M.J., Smith, M.D., Gillis, D., & Roberts-Thomson, P.J., 2008. Wegener's granulomatosis: epidemiological and clinical features in a South Australian study. Internal Medicine Journal, 38(10), 776-780.
Shanahan, E.M., Smith, M.D., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Esterman, A.J., & Ahern, M.J., 2008. Influence of rheumatoid arthritis on work participation in Australia. Internal Medicine Journal, 38(3), 166-173.
Shanahan, E.M., Smith, M.D., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Esterman, A.J., & Ahern, M.J., 2008. The effect of rheumatoid arthritis on personal income in Australia. Internal Medicine Journal, 38(7), 575-579.
Hissaria, P., Lester, S., Hakendorf, P.H., Woodman, R.J., Patterson, K., Hill, C., Ahern, M.J., Smith, M.D., Walker, J.G., & Roberts-Thomson, P., 2011. Survival in scleroderma: results from the population based South Australian register. Internal Medicine Journal, 41(5), 381-390.
Shanahan, E.M., Lindemann, I.C., & Ahern, M.J., 2010. Engaging medical students in occupational and environmental medicine-a new approach. Occupational Medicine-Oxford, 60(7), 566-568.
Smith, M.D., Weedon, H.M., Papangelis, V., Walker, J.G., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., & Ahern, M.J., 2010. Apoptosis in the rheumatoid arthritis synovial membrane: modulation by disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug treatment. Rheumatology, 49(5), 862-875.
Yaxley, A., Miller, M.D., Masters, S.C., Ahern, M.J., & Crotty, M., 2010. Body composition in older orthopaedic rehabilitation inpatients: Are field methods valid?. Nutrition and Dietetics, 67(3), 160-165.
Shulten, P.J., Thomas, J.M., Miller, M.D., Smith, M.D., & Ahern, M.J., 2009. The role of diet in the management of gout: a comparison of knowledge and attitudes to current evidence. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 22(1), 3-11.
Ahern, M.J., Campbell, D.G., Weedon, H.M., Papangelis, V., & Smith, M.D., 2008. Effect of intra-articular infliximab on synovial membrane pathology in a patient with a seronegative spondyloarthropathy. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 67(9), 1339-1342.
Haynes, D., Crotti, T.N., Weedon, H.M., Slavotinek, J.P., Au, V., Coleman, M., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Ahern, M.J., & Smith, M.D., 2008. Modulation of RANKL and osteoprotegerin expression in synovial tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis in response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drug treatment and correlation with radiologic putcome. Arthritis and Rheumatism-Arthritis Care and Research, 59(7), 911-920.
Shanahan, E.M., Smith, M.D., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Esterman, A.J., & Ahern, M.J., 2008. The effect of rheumatoid arthritis on personal income in Australia. Internal Medicine Journal, 38(7), 575-579.
Shanahan, E.M., Smith, M.D., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Esterman, A.J., & Ahern, M.J., 2008. Influence of rheumatoid arthritis on work participation in Australia. Internal Medicine Journal, 38(3), 166-173.
Hissaria, P., Cai, F.Z., Ahern, M.J., Smith, M.D., Gillis, D., & Roberts-Thomson, P.J., 2008. Wegener's granulomatosis: epidemiological and clinical features in a South Australian study. Internal Medicine Journal, 38(10), 776-780.
Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Cox, S.R., Walker, J.G., Dugar, M., Ahern, M.J., & Smith, M.D., 2007. Diagnostic utility of nailfold capillaroscopy. APLAR Journal of Rheumatology, 10(4), 275-279.
Neumann, S., Miller, M.D., Daniels, L.A., Ahern, M.J., & Crotty, M., 2007. Mini nutritional assessment in geriatric rehabilitation: inter-rater reliability and relationship to body composition and nutritional biochemistry. Nutrition and Dietetics, 64(3), 179-185.
Huynh, O.A., Hampartzoumian, T., Arm, J.P., Hunt, J., Borges, L., Ahern, M.J., Smith, M.D., Geczy, C.L., McNeil, H.P., & Tedla, N., 2007. Down-regulation of leucocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor expression in the synovium of rheumatoid arthritis patients after treatment with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Rheumatology, 46(5), 742-751.
Walker, J.G., Ahern, M.J., Coleman, M., Weedon, H.M., Papangelis, V., Beroukas, D., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., & Smith, M.D., 2007. Characterisation of a dendritic cell subset in synovial tissue which strongly expresses Jak/STAT transcription factors from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 66(8), 992-999.
Roberts-Thomson, A.J., Massy-Westropp, N., Smith, M.D., Ahern, M.J., Highton, J., & Roberts-Thomson, P.J., 2006. The use of the hand anatomic index to assess deformity and impaired function in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology International, 26(5), 439-444.
Walker, J.G., Ahern, M.J., Coleman, M., Weedon, H.M., Papangelis, V., Beroukas, D., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., & Smith, M.D., 2006. Expression of Jak3, STAT1, STAT4, and STAT6 in inflammatory arthritis: unique Jak3 and STAT4 expression in dendritic cells in seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 65(2), 149-156.
Walker, J.G., Ahern, M.J., Coleman, M., Weedon, H.M., Papangelis, V., Beroukas, D., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., & Smith, M.D., 2006. Changes in synovial tissue Jak-STAT expression in rheumatoid arthritis in response to successful DMARD treatment. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 65(12), 1558-1564.
Smith, M.D. & Ahern, M.J., 2006. Pharmaceutical benefits scheme criteria for the use of tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis in Australia: are they evidence based?. Internal Medicine Journal, 36(2), 72-76.
Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Walker, J.G., Lu, T.Y., Esterman, A.J., Hakendorf, P.H., Smith, M.D., & Ahern, M.J., 2006. Scleroderma in South Australia: further epidemiological observations supporting a stochastic explanation. Internal Medicine Journal, 36(8), 489-497.
Zurauskas, J., Beroukas, D., Walker, J.G., Smith, M.D., Ahern, M.J., & Roberts-Thomson, P.J., 2005. Scleroderma in Australian Aborigines. Internal Medicine Journal, 35(1), 60-62.
Walker, J.G., Stirling, J.W., Beroukas, D., Dharmapatni, K., Haynes, D., Smith, M.D., Ahern, M.J., & Roberts-Thomson, P.J., 2005. Histopathological and ultrastructural features of dermal telangiectasias in systemic sclerosis. Pathology, 37(3), 220-225.
Cox, S.R., Walker, J.G., Coleman, M., Rischmueller, M., Proudman, S., Smith, M.D., Ahern, M.J., & Roberts-Thomson, P.J., 2005. Isolated pulmonary hypertension in scleroderma. Internal Medicine Journal, 35(1), 28-33.
Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Male, D.A., Walker, J.G., Cox, S.R., Shen, X., Smith, M.D., Ahern, M.J., & Turner, D.R., 2004. Genomic instability in scleroderma. Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology, 22, 153-158.
Massy-Westropp, N., Rankin, W., Ahern, M.J., Krishnan, J., & Hearn, T.C., 2004. Measuring grip strength in normal adults: Reference ranges and a comparison of electronic and hydraulic instruments. Journal of Hand Surgery-American Volume, 29(3), 514-519.
Massy-Westropp, N., Krishnan, J., & Ahern, M.J., 2004. Comparing the AUSCAN osteoarthritis hand index, Michigan hand outcome questionnaire, and sequential occupational dexterity assessment for patients with rheumatoid arthiritis. Journal of Rheumatology, 31(10), 1996-2001.
Shanahan, E.M., Ahern, M.J., & Smith, M., 2004. Suprascapular nerve block reduced chronic shoulder pain and disability in degenerative disease or rheumatoid arthritis. Evidence - Based Medicine, 9(2), 50-50.
Shanahan, E.M., Smith, M.D., Wetherall, M., Lott, C.W., Slavotinek, J.P., Fitzgerald, O.M., & Ahern, M.J., 2004. Suprascapular nerve block in chronic shoulder pain: are the radiologists better?. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 63(9), 1035-1040.
Crotti, T.N., Smith, M.D., Findlay, D.M., Zreiqat, H., Ahern, M.J., Weedon, H.M., Hatzinikolous, G., Capone, M., Holding, C., & Haynes, D., 2004. Factors regulating osteoclast formation in human tissues adjacent to peri-implant bone loss: expression of receptor activator NFkB, RANK ligand and osteoprotegerin. Biomaterials, 25(4), 565-573.
Kraan, M., Haringman, J.J., Weedon, H.M., Barg, E., Smith, M.D., Ahern, M.J., Smeets, T., Breedveld, F.C., & Tak, P.P., 2004. T cells, fibroblast-like synoviocytes, and granzyme B+ cytotoxic cells are associated with joint damage in patients with recent onset rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 63(5), 483-488.
Cox, S.R., Ahern, M.J., Smith, M.D., Slavotinek, J.P., Walker, J.G., Smith, A.J., & Roberts-Thomson, P.J., 2003. Rheumatological presentations of anticoagulation related hemorrhages. APLAR Journal of Rheumatology, 6(2), 145-149.
Crotti, T.N., Ahern, M.J., Lange, K.M., Weedon, H.M., Coleman, M.J., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Haynes, D., & Smith, M.D., 2003. Variability of RANKL and osteoprotegerin staining in synovial tissue from patients with active rheumatoid arthritis: quantification using color video image analysis. Journal of Rheumatology, 30(11), 2319-2324.
Crotti, T.N., Smith, M.D., Hirsch, R., Soukoulis, S., Weedon, H.M., Capone, M., Haynes, D., & Ahern, M.J., 2003. Receptor activator NF kB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) protein expression in periodontitis. Journal of Periodontal Research, 38(4), 380-387.
Haynes, D., Barg, E., Crotti, T.N., Holding, C., Weedon, H.M., Atkins, G.J., Zannetino, A., Ahern, M.J., Coleman, M.J., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., et al., 2003. Osteoprotegerin expression in synovial tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathies and osteoarthritis and normal controls. Rheumatology, 42(1), 123-134.
Jones, G.A., Halbert, J.A., Crotty, M., Shanahan, E.M., Batterham, M.J., & Ahern, M.J., 2003. The effect of treatment on radiological progression in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Rheumatology, 42(1), 6-13.
Katrib, A., Smith, M.D., Ahern, M.J., Slavotinek, J.P., Stafford, L., Cuello, C., Bertouch, J.V., Mcneil, P., & Youssef, P., 2003. Reduced chemokine and matrix metalloproteinase expression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis achieving remission. Journal of Rheumatology, 30(1), 10-21.
Shanahan, E.M., Ahern, M.J., Smith, M.D., Wetherall, M., Bresnihan, B., & Fitzgerald, O., 2003. Suprascapular nerve block (using bupivacaine and methyprednisolene acetate) in chronic shoulder pain. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 62(5), 400-406.
Smith, M.D., Barg, E., Weedon, H.M., Papengelis, V., Smeets, T., Tak, P.P., Kraan, M., Coleman, M.J., & Ahern, M.J., 2003. Microarchitecture and protective mechanisms in synovial tissue from clinically and arthroscopically normal knee joints. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 62(4), 303-307.
Smith, M.D., Wetherall, M., Darby, T.A., Esterman, A.J., Slavotinek, J.P., Roberts-Thomson, P., Coleman, M.J., & Ahern, M.J., 2003. A randomized placebo-controlled trial of arthroscopic lavage versus lavage plus intra-articular corticosteroids in the management of symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee. Rheumatology, 42, 1477-1485.
Walker, J.G., Ahern, M.J., Smith, M.D., Coleman, M.J., Pile, K.D., Rischmueller, M., Cleland, L.G., & Roberts-Thomson, P.J., 2003. Scleroderma renal crisis: poor outcome despite aggressive antihypertensive treatment. Internal Medicine Journal, 33(5-6), 216-220.
Smith, M.D., Walker, J.G., Schultz, D.W., Ash, J.K., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Shanahan, E.M., & Ahern, M.J., 2002. Teaching clinical skills in musculoskeletal medicine: the use of structured clinical instruction modules. Journal of Rheumatology, 29(4), 813-817.
Smith, M.D., Ahern, M.J., Walker, J.G., Shanahan, E.M., & Roberts-Thomson, P.J., 2002. Relationship of length of clinical rotation to achievement of skills necessary for clinical management of musculoskeletal disease - Reply. Journal of Rheumatology, 29(11), 2467-2468.
Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Mould, T.L., Walker, J.G., Smith, M.D., & Ahern, M.J., 2002. Clinical utility of telangiectasia of hands in scleroderma and other rheumatic disorders. Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology, 20(1), 7-12.
Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Jones, M.E., Walker, J.G., Macfarlane, J.G., Smith, M.D., & Ahern, M.J., 2002. Stochastic processes in the causation of rheumatic disease. Journal of Rheumatology, 29(12), 2628-2634.
Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Hakendorf, P.H., Smith, M.D., & Ahern, M.J., 2002. Microchimerism in systemic sclerosis: comment on the article by Johnson et al. Arthritis and Rheumatism-Arthritis Care and Research, 46(9), 2538-2538.
Goldblatt, F.M., Hill, W.R., Ahern, M.J., & Smith, M.D., 2002. Shortness of breath in systemic lupus erythematosus: a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 61(7), 588-590.
Crotti, T.N., Smith, M.D., Weedon, H.M., Ahern, M.J., Findlay, D.M., Kraan, M., Tak, P.P., & Haynes, D., 2002. Receptor activator NF-(kappa)b ligand (RANKL) expression in synovial tissue from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathy, osteoarthritis, and from normal patients: semiquantitative and quantitative analysis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 61(12), 1047-1054.
Ahern, M.J., Smith, M.D., Chua, H., & Youssef, P., 2002. Breast implants and illness: a model of psychological illness. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 61(7), 659-659.
Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Jones, M.E., Hakendorf, P.H., Kencarna Dharmapatni, A.A., Walker, J.G., Mcfarlane, J.G., Smith, M.D., & Ahern, M.J., 2001. Scleroderma in South Australia: epidemiological observations of possible pathogenic significance. Internal Medicine Journal, 31, 220-229.
Pettit, A., Weedon, H.M., Ahern, M.J., Zehntner, S., Frazer, I.H., Slavotinek, J.P., Au, Y., Smith, M.D., & Thomas, R., 2001. Association of clinical, radiological and synovial immunopathological responses to anti-rheumatic treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology, 40, 1243-1255.
Pettit, A., Weedon, H.M., Ahern, M.J., Zehntner, S., Frazer, I.H., Slavotinek, J.P., Au, V.W., Smith, M.D., & Thomas, R., 2001. Association of clinical, radiological and synovial immunopathological responses to anti-rheumatic treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology, 40(11), 1243-1255.
Pettit, A., Ahern, M.J., Zehntner, S., Smith, M.D., & Thomas, R., 2001. Comparison of differentiated dendritic cell infiltration of autoimmune and osteoarthritis synovial tissue. Arthritis and Rheumatism-Arthritis Care and Research, 44(1), 105-110.
Kraan, M., Smith, M.D., Weedon, H.M., Ahern, M.J., Breedveld, F.C., & Tak, P.P., 2001. Measurement of cytokine and adhesion molecule expression in synovial tissue by digital image analysis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 60, 296-298.
Kraan, M., Patel, D.D., Haringman, J.J., Smith, M.D., Weedon, H.M., Ahern, M.J., Breedveld, F.C., & Tak, P.P., 2001. The development of clinical signs of rheumatoid synovial inflammation is associated with increased synthesis of the chemokine CXCL8 (interleukin-8). Arthritis Research and Therapy, 3(1), 65-71.
Halbert, J.A., Crotty, M., Weller, D.P., Ahern, M.J., & Silagy, C.A., 2001. Primary care-based physical activity programs: effectiveness in sedentary older patients with osteoarthritis symptoms. Arthritis Care and Research, 45(3), 228-234.
Crotty, M., Finucane, P.M., & Ahern, M.J., 2001. Author's reply. Medical Education, 35(1), 84-84.
Smith, M.D., Cheah, S.P., Taylor, K., & Ahern, M.J., 2001. Prevention of corticosteroid induced osteoporosis in inpatients recently discharged from a tertiary teaching hospital. Journal of Rheumatology, 28(3), 566-570.
Young, L., Katrib, A., Cuello, C., Yollmer-Conna, U., Bertouch, J.V., Roberts-Thomson, P., Ahern, M.J., Smith, M.D., & Youssef, P., 2001. Effects of intraarticular glucocorticoids on macrophage infiltration and mediators of joint damage in osteoarthritis synovial membranes. Arthritis and Rheumatism-Arthritis Care and Research, 44(2), 343-350.
Wong, P.K., Cuello, C., Bertouch, J.V., Roberts-Thomson, P.J., Ahern, M.J., Smith, M.D., & Youssef, P., 2001. Effects of pulse methylprednisolone on macrophage chemotactic protein-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1a in rheumatoid synovium. Journal of Rheumatology, 28, 2634-2636.
Smith, M.D., Slavotinek, J.P., Au, Y., Weedon, H.M., Parker, A.F., Coleman, M.J., Roberts-Thomson, P., & Ahern, M.J., 2001. Successful treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a reduction in synovial membrane cytokines and cell adhesion molecule expression. Rheumatology, 40, 965-977.
Smith, M.D., Ross, W.J., & Ahern, M.J., 2001. Missing a therapeutic window of opportunity: An audit of patients attending a tertiary teaching hospital with potentially osteoporotic hip and wrist fractures. Journal of Rheumatology, 28(11), 2504-2508.
Smith, M.D., Kraan, M., Slavotinek, J.P., Au, Y., Weedon, H.M., Parker, A.F., Coleman, M.J., Roberts-Thomson, P., & Ahern, M.J., 2001. Treatment-induced remission in rheumatoid arthritis patients is characterized by a reduction in macrophage content of synovial biopsies. Rheumatology, 40, 367-374.
Smith, M.D., Walker, J.G., Ahern, M.J., & Roberts-Thomson, P.J., 2010. Inflammatory Arthritis in a Patient with Primary Biliary. Journal of Rheumatology, 37(1), 212-214.
Roberts-Thomson, A.J., Englert, H., Ahern, M.J., Smith, M.D., Highton, J., & Roberts-Thomson, P.J., 2009. A modified hand anatomic index to assesss hand deformity in scleroderma. Rheumatology International, 29(7), 847-848.
Shanahan, E.M. & Ahern, M.J., 2008. Inflammatory arthritis and work disability: what is the role of occupational medicine?. Occupational Medicine-Oxford, 58(1), 2-4.
Swaminathan, S., Kelley, P., Ahern, M.J., & Gordon, D.L., 2007. Acute cytomegalovirus infection presenting with severe vulvar swelling. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 99(2), 133-134.
Cai, F.Z., Ahern, M.J., & Smith, M.D., 2006. Treatment of cryoglobulinemia associated peripheral neuropathy with rituximab. Journal of Rheumatology, 33(6), 1197-1198.
Shanahan, E.M., Ahern, M.J., & Smith, M.D., 2006. Work disability from rheumatoid arthiritis. Occupational Medicine-Oxford, 56(3), 216-217.
Smith, M.D., Ahern, M.J., & Shanahan, E.M., 2002. Which patients stop working because of RA. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 61(9), 859-862.
Smith, M.D., Ahern, M.J., Roberts-Thomson, P., & Youssef, P., 2001. Similar effects of pulse corticosteroid and tumour necrosis factor a blockade in rheumatoid arthritis: comment on the article by Taylor et al. Arthritis and Rheumatism-Arthritis Care and Research, 245-245.
Thomas, J.M., Shulten, P.J., Miller, M.D., & Ahern, M.J., 2008. The dietary management of gout: practices and knowledge of patients with gout. Nutrition and Dietetics, 65(Suppl. 2), A45-A45.
Shulten, P.J., Thomas, J.M., Miller, M.D., & Ahern, M.J., 2008. The dietary management of patients with gout: attitudes and knowledge of nutrition professional and rheumatologists across Australia. Nutrition and Dietetics, 65(Suppl. 2), A44-A44.
Yaxley, A., Miller, M.D., Masters, S.C., Ahern, M.J., & Crotty, M., 2007. Validation of alternative methods of measuring body composition in elderly orthopaedic patients participating in rehabilitation. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 11(5), 404-404.
Yaxley, A., Miller, M.D., Masters, S.C., Ahern, M.J., & Crotty, M., 2007. Validation of alternative methods of measuring body composition in elderly orthopaedic patients participating in rehabilitation. Journal of Nutrition , Health and Aging, 11(5), 404-404.