Why teach controversial issues?

• they are topical
• they can be directly related to students' lives
• it is an essential part of the curriculum if universities are to fulfill their role in society
• it provides a chance for staff and students to reflect, to develop, to practice, to comprehend
• it can assist students to develop their ethical and moral reasoning.

Characteristics of controversial issues

• A controversial issue is one in which
  • there are competing values and interests
  • people disagree strongly about statements, assertions or actions
  • there is political sensitivity
  • emotions become strongly aroused
  • protest is aroused.
• Controversial issues can be about
  • what has happened
  • the causes of the present situation
  • the desirable ends to work towards
  • the appropriate course of action to be taken
  • the likely effect of action
• Controversy
  • is usually complex
  • requires knowledge, awareness of self and a sense of identity
  • requires balance, disclosure of commitment and 'neutrality' i.e. taking a stance without coercion or indoctrination of others.

Strategies for teaching controversial issues

The teacher's task in addressing controversial issues includes:

• Establishing the ground rules
• Moderating "classroom incivilities"
• Moderating both their own and their students' over-attachment to content and overreaction to criticism
• Moderating negative thinking and strong emotions.

However, it is useful to note that what may result

• for students is not clearer ideas but greater confusion, and hopefully a commitment to questioning and further independent exploration of the issue
• for you the teacher, a sense of achievement.