Advanced Conceptual Modelling extends the traditional database modelling practices to advanced database paradigms to those that will be common in the future while the knowledge engineering material focuses on new areas of study in the knowledge management and knowledge engineering areas.
Temporal, Spatial and Spatio-Temporal Databases (Concepts, Transaction v. Valid time, Historical v. Rollback v. Temporal databases, Geographic databases, spatio-temporal database query languages, implementation issues); Schema Evolution (relationship between schema evolution and temporal databases, information capacity, issues, changing data - strict v. lazy v. no conversion, partial v. full evolution); Active Data Models (concept, triggers, rules, functions); Object-oriented Data Models (concepts, polymorphism, encapsulation, methods and state, hierarchies and inheritance, object-relational v. pure object-oriented databases query languages); Deductive databases (origins and concepts, knowledge representation, inference rules, recursion); Semi-structured Models and Web-based databases (concept, XML family of standards, schema models); Managing Ontologies.