Interrupting the trauma-youth justice experience for girls and young women
The incarceration of young women and the nature of the care they receive within youth justice settings requires urgent attention from researchers, policymakers, politicians, and the wider community. Many of these young women are victim-survivors of violence, trauma, and systemic disadvantage, yet they are placed in detention environments primarily designed for the dominant youth justice population: boys and young men. As a result, the care, treatment, and conditions they encounter are unable to account for the gendered and trauma-related factors underlying their offending, increasing their vulnerability to further harm and diminishing the likelihood of positive, rehabilitative outcomes.
This three-year Australian Research Council Fellowship, led by Flinders University in partnership with the South Australian Office of the Guardian for Children and Young People, aims to improve the care, treatment, and support of girls and young women in detention by strengthening gender- and trauma-responsive practices and interventions.
Drawing on both Australian and international research and practice initiatives, and guidance from an Expert Reference Group (ERG), we will seek to uncover the relevant institutional and systemic barriers and opportunities. Drawing on a lived experience methodology, the research will identify the components and elements necessary for gender and trauma responsive practice to improve outcomes for girls and young women in youth detention and interrupt this trauma-youth justice experience.
The research will engage directly with girls to elicit their views about their pathways into youth justice; their prior and ongoing exposure to harm(s) across various systems; and how the services they did receive either helped or hindered their pathway into youth justice.
Building on the voices and experiences of young women and the ERG, the research team will identify the gender and trauma informed elements needed to improve practice, interventions and support for young women in youth justice facilities. This research seeks to improve rehabilitative and care outcomes for girls through informing the provision of accessible, integrated, high quality, safe and female-centred, trauma informed care.
This research will contribute to research in the youth justice field but will have a unique and specific focus on the experience of the minority of young people who offend – namely girls and young women. Central to the work is eliciting and amplifying the voices of detained girls and young women—and their parents and carers—regarding their pathways into detention and the ways in which detention-based supports have or can help their rehabilitation and diversion.
By reviewing national and international evidence, the project will identify common elements of flexible, holistic service models that enhance wellbeing and reduce further criminalisation. Ultimately, the research aims to strengthen rehabilitative and care outcomes through informing accessible, integrated, high-quality, female-centred services. This can contribute to reduced admissions, more effective use of government resources, and safer communities, while also increasing awareness of the impacts of trauma, adverse childhood experiences, and abuse and drive systemic reform.
Research Team
This project is being undertaken by a multidisciplinary team with expertise in criminology, trauma, youth justice, child protection and advocacy and with a strong track record in working with stakeholders to advance policy and practice.
Simone is a Senior Research Fellow at Flinders University and the Centre for Social Impact, an Australian Research Council Industry Fellow and a 2024 Winston Churchill Fellow. Her key interests include youth offending, especially its relationship with broader environmental factors such as the child protection system alongside homicide, sentencing, and the impacts of care and correctional environments. In 2024, Simone was recognised by the Australian Institute of Policy and Science as a Young Tall Poppy for excellence in science and communication. She has also won the Australian and New Zealand Society for Criminology Christine M Alder Book Prize for most outstanding contribution to criminology and the Early Career Award for best publication.
Simone’s earlier legal career includes work as a criminal defence solicitor with the Legal Services Commission and in private practice, as well as serving as a supervisor of the UniSA Legal Advice Clinic and as an Associate of the District Court of South Australia. She has undertaken consultancy work for local and state governments, including contributing to the Commission of Inquiry into the Tasmanian Government's Responses to Child Sexual Abuse in Institutional Settings (Ashley Youth Detention Centre).
Belinda is a Research Associate in the College of Business, Government and Law at Flinders University and a Principal Practice Consultant with the Australian Childhood Foundation. With 25 years of experience as a social worker and a Master’s in Mediation, she brings expertise in trauma, youth justice, child protection, and support for victims of crime. Her career spans roles as an advocate, case manager, policy adviser, consultant, and official visitor and inspector of child protection residential care and youth justice facilities. Belinda currently leads government and not-for-profit consultancy projects designed to strengthen the capacity of service providers to deliver high-quality care and support for children and young people in or at risk of entering out-of-home care and youth justice settings.
Her youth justice work has taken her across multiple Australian jurisdictions. In 2019, in her role as Principal Training Centre Advocate (Office of the Guardian for Children and Young People) she initiated and conducted South Australia’s first inspection of the Adelaide Youth Training Centre, documented in Great Responsibility (2019). In 2024, she collaborated with the South Australian Commissioner for Children and Young People to elevate the voices of young people with lived experience of domestic violence for the Royal Commission in the Unseen and Unheard Report, 2024.
Shona is the Guardian and Training Centre Visitor for South Australia. In this role, she leads the Office of the Guardian for Children and Young People, which advocates for the rights and best interests of children and young people in care and youth detention across the state. An Eastern Arrernte woman, Shona comes from a family with a long legacy of service to First Nations children, families, and communities.
Shona has been deeply committed to strengthening First Nations governance, advancing reconciliation, and contributing to a more culturally inclusive community—one grounded in honesty, integrity, transparency, and truth, and built on diverse, meaningful, and substantive relationships.
Before her appointment as Guardian, Shona served as CEO of Reconciliation South Australia. She has held several significant board roles, including with the SA Youth Centre Review Board, the South Australian Housing Trust Board (where she chaired the Aboriginal Advisory Committee), the Justice Reinvestment of South Australia Board (Co-Chair), and the Flinders University Indigenous Advisory Council. Her current board appointments include the Rio Tinto Australian Advisory Group and The Winston Churchill Memorial Trust.
In recognition of her contributions across multiple sectors, Shona received the 2020 Flinders University Distinguished Alumni Award for her service to Aboriginal children, young people, and families.
Research Team
This project is being undertaken by a multidisciplinary team with expertise in criminology, trauma, youth justice, child protection and advocacy and with a strong track record in working with stakeholders to advance policy and practice.
Simone is a Senior Research Fellow at Flinders University and the Centre for Social Impact, an Australian Research Council Industry Fellow and a 2024 Winston Churchill Fellow. Her key interests include youth offending, especially its relationship with broader environmental factors such as the child protection system alongside homicide, sentencing, and the impacts of care and correctional environments. In 2024, Simone was recognised by the Australian Institute of Policy and Science as a Young Tall Poppy for excellence in science and communication. She has also won the Australian and New Zealand Society for Criminology Christine M Alder Book Prize for most outstanding contribution to criminology and the Early Career Award for best publication.
Simone’s earlier legal career includes work as a criminal defence solicitor with the Legal Services Commission and in private practice, as well as serving as a supervisor of the UniSA Legal Advice Clinic and as an Associate of the District Court of South Australia. She has undertaken consultancy work for local and state governments, including contributing to the Commission of Inquiry into the Tasmanian Government's Responses to Child Sexual Abuse in Institutional Settings (Ashley Youth Detention Centre).
Belinda is a Research Associate in the College of Business, Government and Law at Flinders University and a Principal Practice Consultant with the Australian Childhood Foundation. With 25 years of experience as a social worker and a Master’s in Mediation, she brings expertise in trauma, youth justice, child protection, and support for victims of crime. Her career spans roles as an advocate, case manager, policy adviser, consultant, and official visitor and inspector of child protection residential care and youth justice facilities. Belinda currently leads government and not-for-profit consultancy projects designed to strengthen the capacity of service providers to deliver high-quality care and support for children and young people in or at risk of entering out-of-home care and youth justice settings.
Her youth justice work has taken her across multiple Australian jurisdictions. In 2019, in her role as Principal Training Centre Advocate (Office of the Guardian for Children and Young People) she initiated and conducted South Australia’s first inspection of the Adelaide Youth Training Centre, documented in Great Responsibility (2019). In 2024, she collaborated with the South Australian Commissioner for Children and Young People to elevate the voices of young people with lived experience of domestic violence for the Royal Commission in the Unseen and Unheard Report, 2024.
Shona is the Guardian and Training Centre Visitor for South Australia. In this role, she leads the Office of the Guardian for Children and Young People, which advocates for the rights and best interests of children and young people in care and youth detention across the state. An Eastern Arrernte woman, Shona comes from a family with a long legacy of service to First Nations children, families, and communities.
Shona has been deeply committed to strengthening First Nations governance, advancing reconciliation, and contributing to a more culturally inclusive community—one grounded in honesty, integrity, transparency, and truth, and built on diverse, meaningful, and substantive relationships.
Before her appointment as Guardian, Shona served as CEO of Reconciliation South Australia. She has held several significant board roles, including with the SA Youth Centre Review Board, the South Australian Housing Trust Board (where she chaired the Aboriginal Advisory Committee), the Justice Reinvestment of South Australia Board (Co-Chair), and the Flinders University Indigenous Advisory Council. Her current board appointments include the Rio Tinto Australian Advisory Group and The Winston Churchill Memorial Trust.
In recognition of her contributions across multiple sectors, Shona received the 2020 Flinders University Distinguished Alumni Award for her service to Aboriginal children, young people, and families.
Publications and outputs from the project will be added as they become available. Please check back in later.
Contacts and Resources
Contact Us
For general information and questions about the study, please email the Lead Chief Investigator:
Dr. Simone Deegan: simone.deegan@flinders.edu.au
For information on the role and functions of the Office of the Guardian for Children and Young People visit: www.gcyp.sa.gov.au
For personal or confidential one-to-one support:
Contact Lifeline: 131 114 (available 24/7)
Feedback or Concerns About the Study
If you have any complaints or reservations about the ethical conduct of this study, you may contact Flinders University’s Research Ethics, Integrity and Compliance Office via telephone 08 8201 2543 or email: human.researchethics@flinders.edu.au
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